View source for HowTo/Use Superelevation with Trainz 22





== '''What is superelevation in Trainz 22?''' ==


The "superelevation" or the slope of rails in curves is proposed since T:ANE. '''This page updates the instructions for Trainz 22'''



To resist centrifugal force and and not to wear out prematurely the outer rail, the track must be tilted on bends.<br>
Applying a gradient to a curved section of track is called <b>superelevation</b>.<br><br>
Here is the example of a machine launched to 80 kph in a curve of 500 meters of beam. The slope of the track has been set to 4 °.<br>
[[File:5.jpg]]<br><br><br><br>
<U>To implement Superelevation in Trainz 22, follow the steps below :</U><br><br><br>

<table>
<tr> 
      <td width=400><td width='800'>On the tools palette,select the highlighted icone as shown on the opposite picture&nbsp;(1)
Clic on the track to select it&nbsp;(2) 
Clic on one of the submits of the selected track&nbsp;(3)</td> <td>[[File:SE1.jpg]]</td> 
</tr> 
</table><br><br>

<table>
<tr> 
      <td width=600><td width='600'>Clic on Edit Properties&nbsp;(1)
Complete both sections&nbsp;(2)<br>
Determining the variable <b>'Superelevation Degree'</b> is essential for applying superelevation to a curve...<br>more details to follow in this ‘How To’...
Do the same with the other submit of the track</td> <td>[[File:SE2.jpg]]</td> 
</tr> 
</table>
<br><br>

== '''Surperelevation : theoritical base''' ==


&nbsp;&nbsp;Everything that follows in this section is designed to give you the theoretical basis for calculating a superelevation.
In the next section, a spreadsheet will be provided to do all the calculations for you.<br><br>
*&nbsp;&nbsp;The <B>Superelevation</B> (SE) is the height that the outside rail takes compared with the internal rail in a curve.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;It is calculated as the diagram below shows it:<br>
<table>
<tr>
<td>[[File:img396bis.jpg]]<td> 
<span style="line-height:25pt;">
1 - <span style = "color:red;">Maximum value of SE</span> is limited to 16 cm (6.3 inches) for standard gauge tracks and 10 cm (3.14 inches) for metric tracks.<br>
2 - <span style = "color:red;">Superelevation Limit</span> (or degree of slope <b><span style = "color blue";>A</span><span style = "font-size: 8pt;color:blue"> deg</span></b>) is limited to 6.4° for standard gauges and 5.8° for metric gauges.<br>
3 - There is no superelevation for speeds lower than 25 kmh (15.5 mph) in standard gauge and 30 kmh (18.5 mph) in metrics.<br>
4 - On networks with gauge of 60 cm (2 ft) or less, the speed is limited to 25 kmh (15.5 mph) : there is thus no superelevation either.
</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br><br><br>
*&nbsp;&nbsp;Of the four variables above (G, V, R,g), one is unknown at start: the <B>radius of the curve</B>. 

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The diagram below shows how to determine it :<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[File:img397bis.jpg]]<br><br>

*&nbsp;&nbsp;Trainz 22 introduces an aditionnal concept for determining the superelevation of a curve: the <B>degree of curvature</B>.<br>

<table>
<tr> 
<td width=100><td width='400'>Here, with a quarter-circle curve, the curve angle is 90°.
The more open the curve, the greater the angle. 
The tighter the curve, the smaller the angle.</td> <td>[[File:img402.jpg]]</td> 
</tr> 
</table><br><br>
<table>
<tr> 
<td width=100><td width='400'> 
 To apply superelevation in Trainz, we saw above that we had to calculate the 'superelevation degree'. More precisely, this means to determine the angle of the slope by degree of the concerned curvature.<br>
 Example: we have a curve with a <b>curve angle</b> of 60° and a <b>superelevation angle</b> of 4°. The 'superelevation degree" will be equal to 4/60 = 0.066.
</tr> 
</table>
<br><br>

== '''Superelevation: how do we go about it?''' ==
<br>
To proceed to the calculations, download and save to your hard drive the spreadsheet [https://1drv.ms/x/s!ApXRYIL4PqiQgfwdDV8UOxK0tkPtAQ?e=nNyVKj  Here]


Proceed in two steps :
* measure the chord and arrow of your curve
* proceed to the calculations with the spreadsheet<br><br>
<u>Measure the chord and arrow of your curve :</u><br>
<table>
<tr> 
<td width=100><td width='800'>In your Asset Pallet, select the spline 'ruler' <kuid:447125:108> Ruler Metric or <kuid:447125:109> Ruler Imperial
Measure the lengths of the chord and the arrow as shown opposite 
</td> <td>[[File:img399.jpg]]</td> 
</tr> 
</table>
<br><br>
<u>Procced to the calculations whith the spreadsheet :</u><br><br><br>
<table>
<tr> 
<td width=100><td width='820'>
*Enter the values of chord and arrow (1)<br>
*Indicate the maximum speed in the bend and choose between 'standard' or 'metric' gauge (2)<br> 
*Look at the value of SuperElevation now displayed (3) : it doesn't have to exceed 16 cms (6.3 inches) in standard gauge tracks and 10 cms (3.94 inches) in metrics -French standard-. If these values are exceeded, reduce the Max speed.<br>
*Note the value of superelevation degree (4) and complete the property <b>'Superelevation Degree'</b> of your track as shown in the first section. 
*Also complete the second property <b>'Superelevation Limit'</b> with these values : 6,4 (standard gauge) or 5,8 (metric gauge).
</td> <td>[[File:img401bis.jpg]]</td> 
</tr> 
</table><br><br>
<br>